Sultan Suleiman Khan
Sultan Suleiman Khan
Suleiman I commonly known as Suleiman The Magnificent in the west, in Turkish he is known as Kanuni Sultan Suleyman (means Suleiman The Lawgiver), in his realm, he was the tenth and longer-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire his rule started from 1520 to until his death 1566. Under his administration, the Ottoman Empire ruled over 25 million people.
Suleiman succeeded his father as sultan in 1520 and began his reign with campaigns against the Christian powers in Central Europe and the Mediterranean. Belgrade fell to him in 1521 and Rhodes, long under the rule of the Knights of St. John in 1522-1523. At Mohacs, in August 1526, Suleiman broke the military strength of Hungary, with the Hungarian king Louis II losing his life in the battle.
Knights of St. John
Battle of Mohacs
Suleiman became a prominent monarch of 16th-century Europe, presiding over the apex of the Ottoman Empire's economic, military and political power. Suleiman personally led the Ottoman armies in conquering the Christian strongholds in Belgrade and Rhodes as well as most of Hungary before his conquests were checked at the Siege of Vienna in 1529. he annexed much of the Middle East in his conflict with the Safavids and large areas of North Africa as far west as Algeria. Under his rule, the Ottoman fleet dominated the seas from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea and through the Persian Gulf.
At the helm of an expanding empire, Suleiman personally instituted major legislative changes relating to the society, taxation, education and criminal law. his reforms were carried out in conjunction with the empire's chief judicial official Ebussuud Efendi, harmonized the relationship with the two forms of Ottoman law: 1.Sultanic (Kanun), 2.Religious (Sharia). He was a distinguished poet and goldsmith, he also became a great patron of culture, overseeing the "Golden Age" of Ottoman empire in his artistic, literacy and architectural development.
Sultan Suleiman broke the Ottoman tradition and married Hurrem Sultan. She was a woman from his Harem, she was an Orthodox Christian of Ruthenian origin who converted to Islam, and who became famous in the West by the name Roxelana, purportedly due to her red hair. Their son Selim II succeeded Suleiman following his death in 1566 after 46 years of rule. Suleiman's other potential heirs, Mehmed and Mustafa, had died; the former had died from smallpox, and the latter had been strangled to death 13 years earlier at the sultan's order. His other son Bayezid was executed in 1561 on Suleiman's orders, along with Bayezid's four sons, after a rebellion. Although scholars no longer believe that the empire declined after his death, the end of Suleiman's reign is still frequently characterized as a watershed in Ottoman history. In the decades after Suleiman, the empire began to experience significant political, institutional, and economic changes, a phenomenon often referred to as the Transformation of the Ottoman Empire.
Relation With Hurrem Sultan
Under his pen name, Muhibbi, Sultan Suleiman composed this poem for Hürrem Sultan:
Throne of my lonely niche, my wealth, my love, my moonlight.
My most sincere friend, my confidant, my very existence, my Sultan, my one and only love.
The most beautiful among the beautiful ...
My springtime, my merry faced love, my daytime, my sweetheart, laughing leaf ...
My plants, my sweet, my rose, the one only who does not distress me in this room ...
My Istanbul, my karaman, the earth of my Anatolia
My Badakhshan, my Baghdad and Khorasan
My woman of the beautiful hair, my love of the slanted brow, my love of eyes full of misery ...
I'll sing your praises always
I, lover of the tormented heart, Muhibbi of the eyes full of tears, I am happy.
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