Osman Ghazi, Osman I
Osman Ghazi(Osman I)
Osman I or Osman Ghazi sometimes transliterated as Othman. He was the leader of the Ottoman Turks and founder of the Ottoman dynasty. The empire from Ottoman dynasty named as Ottoman Empire. First the Ottoman Empire was known as Ottoman Beylik or Emirate. This state, while only a small Turkmen principally during the Osman's lifetime was transformed into a world empire in the centuries after his death it existed until shortly after the World War I.
Osman's Name
Osman bin Ertugrul
Some scholars argued that Osman's real name was Atman or Ataman, and it was only changed to Osman in Arabic origin. The earliest Byzantine sources, including Osman's contemporary George Pachymeres, spell his name as Atouman or Atman. Arab scholars used the name Othman while Ibn Bhutta who visited the region dusing Orhan I's reign called him Osmancik.
Military Victories
Osman's first real conquests followed the collapse of Seljuk authority when he was able to occupy the fortress of Eskişehir and Kulucahisar.
After he captured the first significant city in his territories "Yenisehir"
In 1302, after soundly defeating a Byzantine force near Nicaea, Osman began settling his forces closer to Byzantine controlled areas. Alarmed by Osman's growing influence, the Byzantines gradually fled the Anatolian countryside. Byzantine leadership attempted to contain Ottoman expansion, but their efforts were poorly organized and ineffectual. Meanwhile, Osman spent the remainder of his reign expanding his control in two directions, north along the course of the Sakarya River and southwest towards the Sea of Marmara, achieving his objectives by 1308.
That same year his followers participated in conquest of the Byzantine city of Ephesus near the Aegean Sea, thus capturing the last Byzantine city on the coast, although the city became part of the domain of the Emir of Aydin.
Osman's last campaign was against the city of Bursa. Although Osman did not physically participate in the battle, the victory at Bursa proved to be extremely vital for the Ottomans as the city served as a staging ground against the Byzantines in Constantinople, and as a newly adorned capital for Osman's son, Orhan. Ottoman tradition holds that Osman died just after the capture of Bursa, but some scholars have argued that his death should be placed in 1324, the year of Orhan's accession.
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